Kidney Diseases, Dialysis and Renal Transplant

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Hemodialysis

Hemodialysis is a specific type of dialysis that utilizes a dialysis machine to filter blood outside the body. This process is essential for patients with kidney failure who require regular treatments to remove waste products and maintain fluid balance. 

Access Points

Hemodialysis requires a vascular access point, which can be an arteriovenous fistula (AVF), arteriovenous graft (AVG), or central venous catheter (CVC). AVFs and AVGs are surgically created connections between an artery and a vein, providing a high-flow access for dialysis.

Dialysis Machine

The hemodialysis machine pumps blood from the patient's access point through the dialyzer, a specialized filter that removes waste products and excess fluid. The cleaned blood is then returned to the patient's bloodstream.

Key aspects of hemodialysis include:

Treatment Schedule

Hemodialysis treatments are typically scheduled multiple times per week, with each session lasting several hours. The frequency and duration of hemodialysis sessions depend on individual patient factors, including kidney function, fluid status, and overall health.

Monitoring and Care

During hemodialysis, patients are closely monitored for vital signs, fluid balance, and potential complications such as hypotension (low blood pressure) or electrolyte imbalances. Dialysis staff and nephrologists oversee the treatment to ensure its safety and effectiveness.